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Parma
Parma is known
for art, music, gastronomy and life's quality. It has 175.000
inhabitants and a large historical down-town that's expanded
around "Piazza Grande", now named Garibaldi square.
Parma
appears before the tourist like an elegant, hospitable and
unreserved city.
To see in Parma...
The
Cathedral: dedicated to the Virgin Mary, can be considered one
of the finest examples of Romanesque architecture in Italy.
It was
erected by the heretic bishop Cadalus, who later became antipope
Honorius II.
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Destroyed by an earthquake in 1117, it was rebuilt and
completed in the 12th century.
The tall bell tower, topped by a gilt
copper angel, was added in the following century and the side
chapels during the 14th and 15th century.
The great void of the dome
was frescoed by Correggio in 1526 with the Assumption of the Virgin.
Pilotta Palace: this vast but unfinished complex was built in
the second half of the 17th century at the order of Ranuccio I
around the Visconti stronghold and alongside the existing church of
San Pietro martire.
It hosts some of the most important insitutions
of the city: Palatina Library, Archaeological Museum,
National Gallery, Farnese Theatre, University of Parma, Art
institute, offices of the national Art and cultural Heritage.
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Ducal Park: the elaborated green architecture of the old trees
in the Ducal Park was designed and in 1560 and extended in the 18th
century. Decorated with sculptures by J.B. Boudard, it was
subsequently adapted to the French style. The
Park plays host to the Ducal Palace and the Palazzetto Eucherio
Sanvitale, built in Renaissance style in 1520 by Giorgio Da Erba.
The
House of Music: in the recently restored Renaissance building
known as Palace Cusani, the House of Music is today an international
reference point for music research and documentation.
Castle of Puppets: the museum Giordano Ferrari or Castle of
puppets is the most important collection in Italy dedicated to the
animation theatre.
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Stuard Gallery: this art gallery houses is the most important
private collection in the city, more than 270 paintings from the
14th to the 19th century.
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Regio Theatre: commissioned by Maria Luigia and designed by
Nicola Bettoli, the Regio theatre was built between 1821 and 1829 on
the site of the Benedectine convent of Saint Alessandro. The Regio
theatre was officially opened on the 16th of May 1829 with the opera
Zaira, written especially by Vincenzo Bellini. It is still one of
the most renowned Opera Houses in the world.
Visit Parma in half day.
We shall start our visit from the square occupied by the
Cathedral and the Baptistery, one of the most outstanding groups of
Romanesque buildings in the country. The Baptistery, a marvelous octagonal
structure (1196-1260),reveals a stylistic severity and a richness of
invention that places it foremost among buildings of its kind in Italy.
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Teatro Regio - Photo (c)
franfiorini
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The
architecture and the sculpture are the work of the one artist, the great Benedetto Antelami (1177-1233).
The frescoes inside constitute the largest group of 13°
century painting in Northern Italy. The solemn Cathedral. with its graceful
pointed facade and three orders of loggias, and elegant Porch (1281), also
contains fine sculpture by Antelami as well as Correggio's fresco
masterpiece: the Assumption, painted round the Dome. Another dome frescoed
by Correggio is to be seem in the neighboring church of S. Giovanni
Evangelista. Going down Borgo Correggio and Via Petrarca we come to Via
della Repubblica: on the corner is the church of S. Antonio Abate, designed
by Bibiona (1714).
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View from the Pilotta
Photo (c)
Franco Folini
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We then take the Via della Repubblica to Piazza del
Municipio; here, not far away, we can visit the Museum, which a private
citizen, Prof. Lombardi, donated to the city and which contains all sorts of
relics and curios of Marie Louise, Napoleon's second wife.
In the same
street is the impressive 16° century church of S. Maria della Stecama, with
frescoes by Parmigianino in the vast interior, and the tombs of the Farnesi
in the vaults beneath.
Practically across the way, on the same street, is the neo-classical Regio
Theatre (1829). Continuing, we come into the vast square containing, on one
side, the immense Palazzo delta Pilotta (begun in 1583 as the royal palace
of the Farnese, and never completed). Inside this huge building is to be
found an outstanding Museum of Antiquities, the wonderful Farnese Theatre
(1618) of wood, the only one of its kind, and the National Gallery, one of
the most important collections of paintings in Italy with a magnificent
group of works by Correggio, and paintings by Fra Angelico, Leonardo da
Vinci, Sebastiano dei Piombo, Parmigianino, Canaletto, Holbein, El Greco,
and Van Dyck, the , Palatine Library and the Bodoniano Museum.
Lastly there
is the famous Certosa, the Charterhouse of Parma, about 22 mi. from the city
center.
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ENVIRONS
Busseto
This is the small town where Giuseppe Verdi grew up, even though he
was actually born in the small village of Roncole, isolated in the
country 5 kms southeast of Busseto. The modest building that saw his
birth was once even used as a grocery store, and now attracts a
large number of visitors. The nearby church of San Michele has
historical links with the Verdi family. The original building dates
back to 16th-17th century, but was subsequently rebuilt several
times. Inside are still the font where Verdi was baptized and the
old organ on which the young Maestro used to practice.
Compiano
Narrow cobbled streets, close-knit buildings and an imposing castle
are the main features of Compiano, a typical Appennine village still
encircled by a ring of battlemented walls, punctuated by two
fortified gates.
Sala Baganza
The history of this little village is closely linked to the fate of
its Rocca, a fortress currently being restored, which was erected in
1477 by Gilberto III Sanvitale, and later converted into a gorgeous
summer residence by the Farnese family in the 17th century. About 2
Kms west of Sala Baganza is the entrance to the natural reserve
Boschi di Carrega, a regional Park including the Casino dei
Boschi and the Villa del Ferlaro.
Courtesy of
Parma Tourist Office
(c) 1997-2008 E. Massetti
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