|
|
Florence:
|
The Chianti area, between Florence and Siena, is one of the most beautiful countryside in Italy and a famous wine production area. HISTORY
Founded by the Romans in the first century B.C., Florence began its rebirth after the decadence of the barbaric ages, in the Carolingian period, and reached its highest pinnacles of civilization between the 11th and 15th centuries, as a free city, balancing the authority of the Emperors with that of the Popes, overcoming the unfortunate internal dispute between Guelfs and Ghibellines. In the 15th century, it came under the rule of the Medici family, who later became the Grand Dukes of Tuscany. This in fact was the period when the city was at the height of its glory in art and culture, in politics and economic power. The Grand Duchy of the Medici was succeeded, in the 18th century, by that of the House of Lorraine, when in 1860 Tuscany became part of the Kingdom of Italy of which Florence was the capital from 1865 to 1871. In this century, the city has once more taken up its role as an important center for culture and the arts. more on history of Florence... >>>
ART AND CULTUREFlorence contains an exceptional artistic patrimony, glorious testimony to its secular civilization. Cimabue and Giotto, the fathers of Italian painting, lived here, along with Arnolfo and Andrea Pisano, reformists of architecture and sculpture; Brunelleschi, Donatello and Masaccio, founders of the Renaissance; Ghiberti and the Della Robbia; Filippo Lippi and l'Angelico; Botticelli and Paolo Uccello; the universal geniuses Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. Their works, along with those of many generations of artists up to the masters of the present century, are gathered in the city's many museums. In Florence, thanks to Dante, the Italian language was born; with Petrarca and Boccaccio literary studies were affirmed; with Humanism the philosophy and values of classical civilization were revived; with Machiavelli modern political science was born; with Guicciardini, historical prose; and with Galileo, modern experimental science. Up to the time of Charlemagne, Florence was a university town. Today it includes many specialized institutes and is an international cultural center. Academies, art schools, scientific institutes and cultural centers all contribute to the city's intense activity. more on art and culture of Florence... >>>
MONUMENTSFlorence has an exceptional artistic patrimony, glorious testimony to its civilization through the centuries. The monuments that the artistic past left as heritage are spread all over the city Visiting Florence means visiting different areas of the city. The four historical districts of Florence are:
THE ECONOMYThe economy of Florence is based mainly on the services sector, as the city is an important commercial center. The traditional centuries-old banking and financial sector continues to flourish. Tourism and crafts (jewelry, embroidery, footwear, leatherwork, ceramics, wrought-iron and basket work, lace and reproduction furniture) provide considerable sources of income. The city is an active center of culture, and organizes periodical exhibitions and art festivals. Industry, though consisting generally of small and medium-sized firms, has fairly important precision engineering, optical, pharmaceutical, chemical, metallurgical, publishing and textile sectors. more on economy of Florence... >>>
EVENTSInternational Crafts Fair (April-May), Antiques Biennial, Music Festival in May, Opera and Theatre Seasons, Fashion shows (famous "Pitti" fairs, spring and autumn), Festival dei Popoli (December). more on events in Florence... >>>
FOLKLOREThe most important Folkloristic events in Florence are The "Burst of the Cart" (Easter), the Feast of St. John (June) and The "Historic Football in Costume" (June, July). more on folklore in Florence... >>>
SOME FAMOUS PEOPLEGiovanni Cimabue (artist, 1240-1302), Dante Alighieri (poet, 1265-1321), Giovanni Boccaccio (poet, 1313-1375), Filippo Brunelleschi (architect, 1377-1446), Lorenzo Ghiberti (sculptor, 1378-1455), Donato dei Bardi, called 'il Donatello' (sculptor, 1386-1466), Luca della Robbia (sculptor, 1400-1482), Filippo Lippi (artist, 1406-1469), Antonio Pollaiolo (sculptor, 1432-1498), Alessandro Filipepi called 'il Botticelli' (artist, 1445-1510), Domenico Bigordi called 'Ghirlandaio' (artist, 1449-1494), Lorenzo the Magnificent (the most famous of the Medicis, 1449-1492), Leonardo da Vinci (artist, 1452-1519), Amerigo Vespucci (explorer who gave the name to the continent of America, 1454-1512), Michelangelo Buonarroti (artist, 1475-1564), Francesco Guicciardini (historian, 1483-1540), Andrea del Sarto (artist, 1486-1530), Niccolò Machiavelli (politician and historian, 1489-1527), Benvenuto Cellini (goldsmith, 1500-1571). Text courtesy in part of www.aboutflorence.com
|
